Para información en español, visite www.consumerfinance.gov/learnmore o
escribe a la Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, 1700 G Street N.W.,
Washington, DC 20552.
A
Summary of Your Rights Under the Fair Credit Reporting Act
The federal Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) promotes the
accuracy, fairness, and privacy of information in the files of consumer
reporting agencies. There are many types of consumer reporting agencies,
including credit bureaus and specialty agencies (such as agencies that sell
information about check writing histories, medical records, and rental history
records). Here is a summary of your major rights under FCRA. For more
information, including information about additional rights, go to www.consumerfinance.gov/learnmore or
write to: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, 1700 G Street N.W., Washington,
DC 20552.
You must be told if information in your file has been used
against you. Anyone who uses a credit report or another type of consumer report
to deny your application for credit,
insurance, or employment – or to take another adverse action against you – must
tell you, and must give you the name, address, and phone number of the agency
that provided the information.
You have the right to know what is in your file. You may
request and obtain all the information about you in the files of a consumer
reporting agency (your “file disclosure”). You will be required to provide
proper identification, which may include your Social Security number. In many
cases, the disclosure will be free. You are
entitled to a free file disclosure if:
a person has taken adverse action against you because of
information in your credit report;
you are the victim of identity theft and place a fraud alert
in your file;
your file contains inaccurate information as a result of fraud;
you are on public assistance;
you are unemployed but expect to apply for employment within
60 days.
In addition, all consumers are entitled to one free
disclosure every 12 months upon request from each nationwide credit bureau and
from nationwide specialty consumer reporting agencies. See www.consumerfinance.gov/learnmore for
additional information.
You have the right to ask for a credit score. Credit scores
are numerical summaries of your credit-worthiness based on information from
credit bureaus. You may request a credit score from consumer reporting agencies
that create scores or distribute scores used
in residential real property loans, but you will have to pay for it. In some
mortgage transactions, you will receive credit score information for free from
the mortgage lender.
You have the right to dispute incomplete or inaccurate
information. If you identify information in your file that is incomplete or
inaccurate, and report it to the consumer reporting agency, the agency must investigate unless your
dispute is frivolous. See www.consumerfinance.gov/learnmore for an
explanation of dispute procedures.
Consumer reporting agencies must correct or delete
inaccurate, incomplete, or unverifiable information. Inaccurate, incomplete, or
unverifiable information must be removed or corrected, usually within 30 days.
However, a consumer reporting agency may continue to report information it has
verified as accurate.
Consumer reporting agencies may not report outdated negative
information. In most cases, a
consumer reporting agency may not report negative information that is more than
seven years old, or bankruptcies that are more than 10 years old.
Access to your file is limited. A consumer reporting agency
may provide information about you only to people with a valid need – usually to
consider an application with a creditor, insurer, employer, landlord, or other
business. The FCRA specifies those with a valid need for access.
You must give your consent for reports to be provided to
employers. A consumer reporting agency may not give out information about you
to your employer, or a potential employer, without your written consent given
to the employer. Written consent generally is not required in the trucking
industry. For more information, go to
www.consumerfinance.gov/learnmore.
You may limit “prescreened” offers of credit and insurance
you get based on information in your credit report. Unsolicited “prescreened”
offers for credit and insurance must include a toll-free phone number you can
call if you choose to remove your name and address form the lists these offers
are based on. You may opt out with the nationwide credit bureaus at
1-888-5-OPTOUT (1-888-567-8688).
The following FCRA right applies with respect to nationwide
consumer reporting agencies:
CONSUMERS
HAVE THE RIGHT TO OBTAIN A SECURITY FREEZE
You have a right to place a “security freeze” on your credit
report, which will prohibit a consumer reporting agency from releasing
information in your credit report without your express authorization. The
security freeze is designed to prevent credit, loans, and services from being
approved in your name without your consent.
However, you should be aware that using a security freeze to
take control over who gets access to the personal and financial information in
your credit report may delay, interfere with, or prohibit the timely approval
of any subsequent request or application you make regarding a new loan, credit,
mortgage, or any other account involving the extension of credit.
As an alternative to a security freeze, you have the right
to place an initial or extended fraud alert on your credit file at no cost. An
initial fraud alert is a 1-year alert that is
placed on a consumer’s credit file. Upon seeing a fraud
alert display on a consumer’s credit file, a business is required to take steps
to verify the consumer’s identity before extending new credit. If you are a
victim of identity theft, you are entitled to an extended fraud alert, which is
a fraud alert lasting 7 years.
A security freeze does not apply to a person or entity, or
its affiliates, or collection agencies acting on behalf of the person or entity,
with which you have an existing account that requests information in your
credit report for the purposes of reviewing or collecting the account.
Reviewing the account includes activities related to account maintenance,
monitoring, credit line increases, and account upgrades and enhancements.
You may seek damages from violators. If a consumer reporting
agency, or, in some cases, a user of consumer reports or a furnisher of
information to a consumer reporting
agency violates the FCRA, you may be able to sue in state or federal court.
Identity theft victims and active duty military personnel
have additional rights. For more information, visit www.consumerfinance.gov/learnmore.
States may enforce the FCRA, and many states have their own
consumer reporting laws. In some cases, you may have more rights under state
law. For more information, contact your state or local consumer protection
agency or your state Attorney General. For information about your federal
rights, contact:
TYPE
OF BUSINESS:
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CONTACT:
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1.a.
Banks, savings associations, and credit unions with total assets of over $10
billion and their affiliates
b. Such
affiliates that are not banks, savings associations, or credit unions also
should list, in addition to the CFPB:
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a. Consumer
Financial Protection Bureau 1700 G
Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20552
b. Federal
Trade Commission Consumer Response Center
600
Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC 20580
(877) 382-4357
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2. To the extent not included in item 1 above:
a. National
banks, federal savings associations, and federal branches and federal
agencies of foreign banks
b. State
member banks, branches and agencies of foreign banks (other than federal
branches, federal agencies, and Insured State Branches of Foreign Banks),
commercial lending companies owned or controlled by foreign banks, and
organizations operating under section 25 or 25A of the Federal Reserve Act.
c. Nonmember
Insured Banks, Insured State Branches of
Foreign Banks, and insured state savings associations
d. Federal
Credit Unions
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a. Office
of the Comptroller of the Currency Customer Assistance Group
1301
McKinney Street, Suite 3450
Houston, TX 77010-9050
b. Federal
Reserve Consumer Help Center
P.O. Box
1200 Minneapolis, MN 55480
c. FDIC
Consumer Response Center 1100
Walnut Street, Box #11 Kansas City, MO 64106
d. National
Credit Union Administration
Office
of Consumer Financial Protection (OCFP) Division of Consumer Compliance
Policy and Outreach 1775 Duke Street
Alexandria, VA 22314
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3. Air carriers
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Asst.
General Counsel for Aviation Enforcement & Proceedings Aviation Consumer
Protection Division
Department
of Transportation 1200 New Jersey Avenue, S.E. Washington, DC 20590
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4. Creditors Subject to the
Surface Transportation Board
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Office
of Proceedings, Surface Transportation Board Department of Transportation
395
E Street, S.W. Washington, DC 20423
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5. Creditors Subject to the
Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921
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Nearest Packers and Stockyards
Administration area supervisor
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6. Small Business Investment
Companies
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Associate
Deputy Administrator for Capital Access United States Small Business
Administration
409
Third Street, S.W., Suite 8200
Washington, DC 20416
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7. Brokers and Dealers
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Securities
and Exchange Commission 100 F Street, N.E.
Washington, DC 20549
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8.
Federal Land Banks, Federal Land Bank Associations, Federal Intermediate
Credit Banks, and Production Credit Associations
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Farm
Credit Administration 1501 Farm Credit Drive McLean, VA 22102-5090
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9.
Retailers, Finance Companies, and All Other Creditors Not Listed Above
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Federal
Trade Commission Consumer Response Center
600
Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, DC 20580
(877) 382-4357
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